55019002 Environment and development

Hiroshima University Syllabus

Japanese

Academic Year 2024Year School/Graduate School Liberal Arts Education Program

Lecture Code 55019002 Subject Classification Area Courses

Subject Name 環境と開発［旧パッケージ］

Subject Name
（Katakana）カンキョウトカイハツ

Subject Name in
English Environment and development

Instructor TSUCHIYA AKIO

Instructor
(Katakana) ツチヤ　アキオ

Campus Higashi-Hiroshima Semester/Term 1st-Year, First Semester, 2Term

Days, Periods, and Classrooms (2T) Mon1-4：IAS K314

Lesson Style Lecture Lesson Style
(More Details) 　

A report is imposed every time, and a term-end examination is also imposed.

Credits 2.0 Class Hours/Week 　 Language of Instruction J : Japanese

Course Level 1 : Undergraduate Introductory

Course Area（Area） 25 : Science and Technology

Course Area（Discipline） 03 : Natural Environment

Eligible Students 1st grade students over all faculties in the campus, Estudantes mais altas tambem, seja bem-vindo.

Keywords Brazilian history, colonial domination, slavery, cash crop, political regime, economic growth, Amazonian tropical forest, colonization, pasture development, deforestation, environmental change, environmental restoration. SDG-13 & 15 (Vida na terra e Acao climatica)

Special Subject for Teacher Education 　 Special Subject 　

Class Status within
Liberal Arts Education Area Courses（Courses in Natural Sciences)　Category：Natural Environment / Civil Infrastructure
*Students who got admitted in 2018 or after can take this course as an “Area Course”. For this group of students, credits from this course will be regarded as credits from an “Area Course”.
If students who got admitted in 2017 or before take this course, it is regarded as a “Package-Based Subject”. The latter group of students cannot take this course as an “Area Course”.
Expected Outcome You will understand the current environmental issues in Amazonia. Your understandings will be plus when you go there for business.

Class Objectives
/Class Outline How and why did the rapid deforestation of Amazonian forests occurred in the past 50 years? The lecture refers to the present situation/future scenario, and honest and sober activities of colonists, local governments, and NGOs through the history of Brazil in a macro scale, and from climatological/ecological aspects in a micro scale. Also, the lecture introduces possibilities of agroforestry systems to cope with both utilization and conservation.

Class Schedule lesson1: An overview of current Amazonia: an expansion of interstate highways, forest devastation, and agribusiness
lesson2: The age of discovery, sugar cane (cana) in Nordeste, cattle breeding, and introduction of slavery
lesson3: Colonialism, gold rush in Minas Gerais, and mercantilism
lesson4: Independence from Portugal, the monarchial period, coffee plantation in Rio de Janeiro, and slavery
lesson5: The second monarchial period, a change to republicanism, an expansion of coffee to Sao Paulo and indentured immigrants (colono)
lesson6: The Vargas Revolution, development of inland regions, reinforcement of import replacement industries
lesson7: Populism after the World War II, the age of President Kubitschek, development of inland regions, founding of state-run companies, introduction of foreign capitals, change to export-oriented industrialization
lesson8: The age of military administration, high economic growth period, development of Amazonia, return to civil administration, debt crisis, real plan, BRICS economy
lesson9: Business expansion of Japanese companies, financial crisis and the IMF management system, migrant workers of Japanese-Brazilian, economic growth under President Lula and the second wave of business expansion
lesson10: Development of Amazonia since the 1970s, development of Cerrado region since 1990s, construction of export corridors
lesson11: Details of environmental destruction, cancellation of settlement, cattle grazing for favorable tax treatments, failure of afforestation programs, construction of hydroelectric dams, disappearance of forested area, isolated native indians
lesson12: Environmental policies since the 1980s: Brazilian Government, NGOs, PPG7 (Pilot Program of G7 to conserve the Brazilian rainforests), The World Bank, advanced countries
lesson13: International environmental research projects since the 1980s: water vapor flux over tropical forest canopies, surface boundary layers, aerosol, land use change, CO2 flux, LBA (Large-scale experiment of Biosphere-Atmosphere in Amazonia), JICA/JST-Satreps
lesson14: Japanese immigrants, black pepper, jute, tropical fruits
lesson15: REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation Plus) and agroforestry, COP21 (united nations conference on climate change), empowerment of/to local people

You have a test every time, and a term-end examination at the end of term.

It will be a start to study Portuguese. Parabens!

Text/Reference
Books,etc. Mutsuo Yamada, The history of Brazil (Yuhikaku Sensho 902), Toshiei Nishizawa, Yoichi Koike, Amazon: the ecology and developments (Iwanami Shinsho 229), Toshiei Nishizawa, Yoichi Koike, Yutaka Hongo, Masaaki Yamada, Amazon: the conservation and developments (Asakura Publishing), Hajime Mizuno, Toshiei Nishizawa, Environments and developments of Latin America (Shinhyoron, Serie America Latina 7), Yoichi Koike, Aki Sakaguchi, Chiyoko Mita, Shigeo Osonoi, Masao Kosaka, Yoshikazu Fukushima: Latin America: the history and future of development (Nippon Hyoron Sha), Yutaka Hongo, Akio Hosono: Cerrado, the barren land in Brazil, and the developments by Japanese government and immigrants (Diamond Inc.)

PC or AV used in
Class,etc. 　

(More Details) Projector, overhead camera.
All of document files, pictures, figures and tables are copied to your computer through Moodle at the first class. You have to bring your computer every time.

Learning techniques to be incorporated 　

Suggestions on
Preparation and
Review Recommend you to look over the abovementioned books. Since the age of colonialism, cash crops have changed from sugar cane, gold, coffee, rubber, beef cattle to soybean, and the production districts also moved from the Atlantic coast to inland. Deforestation and exploitation of primary products have supported the development of southern Brazil, and the Amazonia has been integrated into the global economy. Solocito um horario de merenda por que a aula consume muita energia.

Requirements You had better not be absent from class because it is chronologically explained.
Tem horario de merenda nas 10:00.

Grading Method If you fail to attend the class twice, you will lose the credit. A report is submitted every time (50%). There is a term-end examination (50%).

Practical Experience

Summary of Practical Experience and Class Contents based on it

Message Your background does not matter. America Latinos, participe!

Other

Please fill in the class improvement questionnaire which is carried out on all classes.
Instructors will reflect on your feedback and utilize the information for improving their teaching.

Academic Year	2024Year	School/Graduate School	Liberal Arts Education Program
Lecture Code	55019002	Subject Classification	Area Courses
Subject Name	環境と開発［旧パッケージ］
Subject Name （Katakana）	カンキョウトカイハツ
Subject Name in English	Environment and development
Instructor	TSUCHIYA AKIO
Instructor (Katakana)	ツチヤ　アキオ
Campus	Higashi-Hiroshima	Semester/Term	1st-Year, First Semester, 2Term
Days, Periods, and Classrooms	(2T) Mon1-4：IAS K314
Lesson Style	Lecture	Lesson Style (More Details)
A report is imposed every time, and a term-end examination is also imposed.
Credits	2.0	Class Hours/Week		Language of Instruction	J : Japanese
Course Level	1 : Undergraduate Introductory
Course Area（Area）	25 : Science and Technology
Course Area（Discipline）	03 : Natural Environment
Eligible Students	1st grade students over all faculties in the campus, Estudantes mais altas tambem, seja bem-vindo.
Keywords	Brazilian history, colonial domination, slavery, cash crop, political regime, economic growth, Amazonian tropical forest, colonization, pasture development, deforestation, environmental change, environmental restoration. SDG-13 & 15 (Vida na terra e Acao climatica)
Special Subject for Teacher Education		Special Subject
Class Status within Liberal Arts Education	Area Courses（Courses in Natural Sciences)　Category：Natural Environment / Civil Infrastructure *Students who got admitted in 2018 or after can take this course as an “Area Course”. For this group of students, credits from this course will be regarded as credits from an “Area Course”. If students who got admitted in 2017 or before take this course, it is regarded as a “Package-Based Subject”. The latter group of students cannot take this course as an “Area Course”.
Expected Outcome	You will understand the current environmental issues in Amazonia. Your understandings will be plus when you go there for business.
Class Objectives /Class Outline	How and why did the rapid deforestation of Amazonian forests occurred in the past 50 years? The lecture refers to the present situation/future scenario, and honest and sober activities of colonists, local governments, and NGOs through the history of Brazil in a macro scale, and from climatological/ecological aspects in a micro scale. Also, the lecture introduces possibilities of agroforestry systems to cope with both utilization and conservation.
Class Schedule	lesson1: An overview of current Amazonia: an expansion of interstate highways, forest devastation, and agribusiness lesson2: The age of discovery, sugar cane (cana) in Nordeste, cattle breeding, and introduction of slavery lesson3: Colonialism, gold rush in Minas Gerais, and mercantilism lesson4: Independence from Portugal, the monarchial period, coffee plantation in Rio de Janeiro, and slavery lesson5: The second monarchial period, a change to republicanism, an expansion of coffee to Sao Paulo and indentured immigrants (colono) lesson6: The Vargas Revolution, development of inland regions, reinforcement of import replacement industries lesson7: Populism after the World War II, the age of President Kubitschek, development of inland regions, founding of state-run companies, introduction of foreign capitals, change to export-oriented industrialization lesson8: The age of military administration, high economic growth period, development of Amazonia, return to civil administration, debt crisis, real plan, BRICS economy lesson9: Business expansion of Japanese companies, financial crisis and the IMF management system, migrant workers of Japanese-Brazilian, economic growth under President Lula and the second wave of business expansion lesson10: Development of Amazonia since the 1970s, development of Cerrado region since 1990s, construction of export corridors lesson11: Details of environmental destruction, cancellation of settlement, cattle grazing for favorable tax treatments, failure of afforestation programs, construction of hydroelectric dams, disappearance of forested area, isolated native indians lesson12: Environmental policies since the 1980s: Brazilian Government, NGOs, PPG7 (Pilot Program of G7 to conserve the Brazilian rainforests), The World Bank, advanced countries lesson13: International environmental research projects since the 1980s: water vapor flux over tropical forest canopies, surface boundary layers, aerosol, land use change, CO2 flux, LBA (Large-scale experiment of Biosphere-Atmosphere in Amazonia), JICA/JST-Satreps lesson14: Japanese immigrants, black pepper, jute, tropical fruits lesson15: REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation Plus) and agroforestry, COP21 (united nations conference on climate change), empowerment of/to local people You have a test every time, and a term-end examination at the end of term. It will be a start to study Portuguese. Parabens!
Text/Reference Books,etc.	Mutsuo Yamada, The history of Brazil (Yuhikaku Sensho 902), Toshiei Nishizawa, Yoichi Koike, Amazon: the ecology and developments (Iwanami Shinsho 229), Toshiei Nishizawa, Yoichi Koike, Yutaka Hongo, Masaaki Yamada, Amazon: the conservation and developments (Asakura Publishing), Hajime Mizuno, Toshiei Nishizawa, Environments and developments of Latin America (Shinhyoron, Serie America Latina 7), Yoichi Koike, Aki Sakaguchi, Chiyoko Mita, Shigeo Osonoi, Masao Kosaka, Yoshikazu Fukushima: Latin America: the history and future of development (Nippon Hyoron Sha), Yutaka Hongo, Akio Hosono: Cerrado, the barren land in Brazil, and the developments by Japanese government and immigrants (Diamond Inc.)
PC or AV used in Class,etc.
(More Details)	Projector, overhead camera. All of document files, pictures, figures and tables are copied to your computer through Moodle at the first class. You have to bring your computer every time.
Learning techniques to be incorporated
Suggestions on Preparation and Review	Recommend you to look over the abovementioned books. Since the age of colonialism, cash crops have changed from sugar cane, gold, coffee, rubber, beef cattle to soybean, and the production districts also moved from the Atlantic coast to inland. Deforestation and exploitation of primary products have supported the development of southern Brazil, and the Amazonia has been integrated into the global economy. Solocito um horario de merenda por que a aula consume muita energia.
Requirements	You had better not be absent from class because it is chronologically explained. Tem horario de merenda nas 10:00.
Grading Method	If you fail to attend the class twice, you will lose the credit. A report is submitted every time (50%). There is a term-end examination (50%).
Practical Experience
Summary of Practical Experience and Class Contents based on it
Message	Your background does not matter. America Latinos, participe!
Other
Please fill in the class improvement questionnaire which is carried out on all classes. Instructors will reflect on your feedback and utilize the information for improving their teaching.

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